Starting repairs, it is important to select building materials in such a way that in the next five years you do not have to think about new repairs. What should you start with? Undoubtedly, in order to acquire good finishing materials. Water dispersion paint and water-based paint will good choice, and which one to prefer we learn from this article. If you look at these paints superficially, then, in principle, they are no different. But the difference is still there.

Water-based paint, includes two types of liquid. Oil is distributed in water in the form of tiny particles. But it should not be dissolved in water. And water-dispersion paint is a suspension of various pigments in an aqueous dispersion of polymers.

These types of paints are based on water. And thanks to such a factor as the absence of solvents in the composition, such paints are environmentally friendly. safe materials. These paints are devoid of unpleasant odors.

Another plus is that they dry very quickly, and this will greatly speed up the completion. repair work. Water-based paint differs from water-based paint in that water-based paint can be washed off with just water. Dispersion paints cannot be washed off in this way; on the contrary, they are as resistant to moisture as possible.

One of the advantages of water-based paint is big choice color shades, which can be just a godsend for designers and people who want to make their interior unforgettable, while dispersion ones are predominantly white.

Main advantages

The main advantage of the considered paints is reliable protection surfaces from moisture. By applying these colors to various surfaces, the water evaporates, and the paint remains, hardening during the drying process. The resulting film is not afraid of water. For example, plasterboard ceilings painted with water-dispersion paint withstand more than 2500 washing cycles. And in the event that you prefer to smoke at home, say in the kitchen or in the toilet, this paint will be just a godsend, since surfaces painted with water-dispersion paint will not change their original color.

The scope of such paints is very wide, they are used on surfaces such as: concrete, wood, brick. The only exception is metal surfaces as the water in the paint can cause rust.

Water-based and water-dispersion paints are used in various types repair work. They are vapor and breathable, this feature allows the surfaces to "breathe". The paints in question do not peel off, they also have a very important properties, fire and explosion safety.

Types of water-dispersion and water-based paints

The most common water-dispersion paints are acrylic. This type of paint is based on acrylic resins; such paints are an expensive finishing material. But it is worth forking out, as they are suitable for all surfaces, including metal ones.

Latex can also be added to water-dispersion paints. Such an additive allows you to enhance the water-repellent effect. And then this paint is just a treasure for finishing surfaces exposed to washing and other water influences.

On the market building materials water-dispersion paints are presented mainly foreign manufacturers. When choosing paint, do not chase cheapness, look at the quality of the material. Cheap products may not have those positive properties inherent in this type of paint. Also, cheap paint may not be of high quality and will require updating in a couple of years.

Interesting views emulsion paints are mineral and silicate.

• Silicate paint consists of aqueous solution, colored pigments and liquid glass. silicate paints have excellent air and vapor permeability. Among other advantages, it has a high margin of safety and can last more than 10 years.
• Mineral water-based paints include slaked lime or cement. The main area of ​​application of these paints are Painting works on rough surfaces such as concrete and brick. The disadvantage of mineral paints is a relatively short service life.

Features of working with water-based paints

Water-based paints have many advantages over water-based ones. Water dispersion paint is very high quality in use. Imported paints can be applied in two layers, and when using domestic analogues, it is best to apply three layers.

Paint on water based- popular modern materials used in everyday life, construction and repair, as well as in various industrial fields: from mechanical engineering to printing. Water compositions are environmentally friendly and non-flammable. They are easy to apply, dry quickly and form a durable surface layer.

There are water-based and water-dispersion dyes. Water-based materials - dispersion system "liquid in liquid". The composition contains two immiscible liquid components: water and an oily substance. The basis of water dispersion paint is synthetic polymers and resins that form phases with water that do not chemically react with each other.

Properties of water dispersion paint

In addition to water, the composition of dyes includes fillers, pigments, binder polymers and substances that give the material additional properties. Aqueous dispersion formulations are often sold as a liquid paste, which is diluted with water immediately before use. Water emulsions are recommended to be diluted with oily solvents: drying oil or turpentine.

Main Components

The composition of water-based paints includes materials that determine their performance and performance characteristics. These include the following components:

Depending on additional additives, aqueous dispersions based on polyvinyl acetate, latex and acrylic are distinguished.

Paints containing PVA fit perfectly on plastered surfaces, wood and concrete. They are inexpensive, easy to apply and dry quickly, but are not suitable for outdoor and indoor applications. high humidity, as they are poorly resistant to pollution and atmospheric influences. Dyes with polyvinyl acetate are excellent for interior walls and ceilings with moderate humidity.

Latex coating is more resistant to moisture and abrasion, is not afraid of dirt and can be used for painting kitchens and bathrooms.

Acrylic dyes have the best protective properties and resistance to external influences. They are not afraid of moisture and pollution. Acrylic compositions can be used indoors with high humidity and for painting exterior walls made of wood, brick and concrete.

Specifications

In addition to the composition, which largely determines operational properties paint layer, the main characteristics of water-based paints are:

• viscosity;
• consumption to cover one square meter;
• temperature conditions during storage and application of paint;
• drying speed.

Viscosity determines the fluidity of the material and depends on the concentration of water. The viscosity index of the dye for application with a brush or roller should be about 40-45 St, and for an airbrush - about 20 St.

Material consumption per square meter determines the ability to completely paint over the surface in one layer. Water dispersions have good hiding power, therefore, on average, from 170 to 220 ml is consumed per square meter. The indicator depends on the viscosity and characteristics of the surface to be painted.

Water-based dyes dry quickly. After 30-45 minutes, the surface layer is no longer sticky, and after 8-12 hours the coating is completely dry.

Differences in water-based paints

The different composition determines the differences in the operational properties of water-dispersion paint and water-based paint. Differences in the composition of the components affect the methods of preparation for working with dyes, the conditions for their application and areas of application.

Main differences:

Advantages of acrylic dispersions

Aqueous dispersion dyes with binders based on acrylic found wide application due to its versatility and high performance.

The main advantages of water dispersion acrylic paint:

This paint has other advantages:

• High temperature resistance: paints do not melt or spread when high temperatures. External coatings tolerate heat well, and internal coatings - the proximity of heating devices.
• Frost resistance. The paint layer retains its integrity and operational properties in frost -30˚C.
• Long terms operation: the coating retains its quality for 10 years.

The only relative disadvantage of aqueous acrylic paints is a higher price than dispersion compositions based on other binders.

Currently, paint is often used to perform interior finishing work. Modern manufacturers offer customers many options that differ not only in cost, but also in certain properties.

Especially popular are water-based and water-dispersion formulations. When choosing a suitable composition, you should understand their distinctive qualities. To resolve this issue, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the features of each type.

Features of water-based paint

By the name of this substance, one can understand that one of its main components is water. Pigments and polymers are used as additional components. All the described components are mixed into one mass in order to obtain a composition with a certain degree of viscosity.

Often, special solvents are added to the basis of water-based paints. This is necessary to change the degree of viscosity. Most often, a solvent is added when it comes to working with various tools, for example, a spray gun.

A feature of this type of paint is that after painting the surface, the water evaporates. The polymers present in the base create a film with high level strength. Finish coat has good breathability. This is due to the presence of a porous surface, which is highly resistant to climatic changes.

Special attention it is worth paying attention to the fact that staining with water-based compositions can be carried out when the temperature environment is no more than +4 degrees. Otherwise, the paint will not lie on the surface correctly and all the work will have to be redone.

Also in water-based compositions, various resins are often present. These can be mineral, acrylic or silicone polymers. Silicate resins are sometimes added to this list.

Properties of water-dispersion compositions

As for the main competitor of the previous type - water-dispersion compositions, this type also has its own individual properties.

The first thing you should pay attention to is the main components. The main components of the paint are water dispersions and polymers. Polymers are acrylic and vinyl acetate.

You should also mention the viscosity of the compositions. As with water-based paints, these options can be thinned when working with different tools. Basically, these formulations are produced in the form of a liquid paste. In the process, the paint is diluted until the desired consistency is obtained.

It should also be said that the basis may include from 15 to 40 components. These are various film formers, pigments and fillers.. Also, water-dispersion paints include emulsifiers and stabilizers, which act as additional components.

When painting the surface with these compositions, you need to know that drying of the first layer usually takes about 40 minutes. But other factors also affect time. weather and air temperature.

A distinctive feature of water-dispersion paints is their high resistance to ultraviolet radiation. The painted surface retains its color and original appearance for a long time..

Another, no less significant feature of paints is the possibility of tinting. Using different compositions, you can achieve a unique shade without much difficulty.

And in the next video you can listen to tips on tinting paints.

Differences of colors

Having dealt with the features of the compositions, it is necessary to understand how they differ from each other. To begin with, it is worth saying that water-based paints are quite easily washed off with water, which cannot be said about water-dispersion compositions.

The difference between the two compositions lies in the cost. Water-dispersion paints are much cheaper compared to many other species.

Particular attention should be paid to the fact that water-based formulations are diluted with a solvent, as mentioned above. Also, white spirit is often used for these purposes. As for water-dispersion paints, they can be easily diluted with water. From this, the paint will not lose its qualities.

How to choose?

Given all of the above differences in paints, it is worth taking a responsible approach to choosing the right composition. To begin with, you should consider the type of room for which one of the options will be used for painting. As noted above, water-based paints are not particularly resistant to moisture. Therefore, it is best to give preference to water-dispersion compositions.

In addition, in the process of purchasing paint, you should pay attention to such points:

• price. If on Finishing work If you decide to spend a small amount, then it is best to choose water-dispersion paints. They are much lower in price than water-based options;
• manufacturer. Give preference to proven brands that have been operating on the market for a long time and managed to win the favor of consumers. In this case, you will be completely confident in the quality and reliability of the compositions. Moreover, good paints differ in durability;
• room design. If the future interior suggests the presence of interesting and unusual shades in the finish, then it is better to buy water-dispersion paint. In this case, using colors, you can achieve the desired color.

Our topic today is water-dispersion paint: technical characteristics of dyes, their varieties, method of application and preparation of the surface for painting. We begin, however, by giving a clear definition of the family of paints under study.

Most confusion arises around the relationship between two types of paints - water-dispersion and water-based. We hasten to clarify this issue.

An aqueous dispersion is a mixture of water with any fine-grained material that is insoluble in it.

An aqueous emulsion is special case dispersion. Its only feature is that both substances in the dispersed system are in the liquid phase.

For example, milk is an emulsion consisting mostly of fat and water; however, it will be fair to call it a dispersion, since fat does not dissolve in water and forms a classical disperse system with it.

The composition of water-dispersion paint (which in most cases is just as correctly called water-based) includes:

• Water;
• Synthetic or mineral binder;

By the way: mineral paints are produced on white cement or lime. And it is precisely for them that the definition of “water-based” will be inaccurate - simply because both cement and lime are solid particles.

• Pigments (most often - titanium white TiO2);
• Optional - functional additives (antiseptic, structuring, mineral fillers, etc.).

When the water base of the paint dries, the droplets of the binder with the pigment contained in them stick together and form a durable coating. Tinting paints in the desired color is done with water-soluble pigments.

Regulatory requirements

In our country, the production of water-based paints is regulated by the standard number 28196-89.

So, what requirements should water-dispersion paint GOST 28196-89 meet? Examining the document will bring us an unexpected discovery.

It provides for the production of only five types of paint:

Marking	The foundation	Areas of use
VD-VA-24	Polyvinyl acetate (PVA)	Indoors (including wet rooms - toilet, bathroom and kitchen)
VD-KCh-26	Styrene Butadiene Latex	Only in dry rooms
VD-AK-111	Acrylate	Indoor and outdoor work
VD-KCh-183	Synthetic polymers (the text of GOST does not provide a complete list)	Internal and external work, except for surfaces that are subject to wet abrasion
VD-KCh-577	Synthetic polymers	Coloring fruit trees

And here is what other characteristics of paints produced in accordance with the requirements of the standard look like:

• Color and texture of the coating - white matte;
• The proportion of non-volatile substances (that is, minus the water evaporating during drying) - from 47 to 60%
• Film hiding power after drying - from 120 to 210 g/m2;
• Film resistance to water - 12 hours for VD-VA, 24 hours for VD-AK and VD-KCh-183;

Curious: latex is considered a waterproof washable coating. However, the entire family of latex water emulsions cannot boast of moisture resistance: VD-KCh-26 has a dash in the “water resistance” column.

• Frost resistance - not less than 5 cycles for all paints;
• Drying time - 1 hour per layer.

To clarify: we are talking about drying “to the touch” before applying the next layer. Complete polymerization of paint, depending on temperature and humidity, takes from one to three days.

Consumer characteristics

Dry numbers say little to a potential buyer about what paint will do only for the ceiling, and which one can paint the facade of the house. In addition, GOST does not describe everything water paints available for sale. Therefore, we will allow ourselves to return to the list of types of dyes and briefly describe their consumer properties.

Image	Type and description
	Mineral: on lime or white cement. Good weather resistance, poor dry and wet wear. Typical application - painting external walls houses above the basement.
	Silicate: on sodium or potassium liquid glass. The paints are weather resistant and last up to 30 years after application. Dry abrasion resistance is medium. They are used for painting facades, basement walls, residential and industrial premises.
	Polyvinyl acetate: the base is good old PVA glue. Medium water resistance combined with high dry wear resistance. Apply to internal works in dry rooms.
	: Moderate abrasion resistance, and low moisture resistance. For dry rooms only. But today such paints are produced with an improved formula, with the addition of copolymers, which gives them additional properties and allows for outdoor use.
	: High wear resistance combined with moderate to high moisture resistance. On acrylic resin, both dyes for interior work and facade paints are produced.
	Silicone: based on silicone synthetic resins. Everything to the maximum: resistance to water, dry and wet abrasion, resistance to dirt. The price is also maximum and starts from 150 rubles per kilogram.

Application

Is it difficult to paint the walls or ceiling with your own hands? Let's find out.

Learn more about how to perfectly paint the ceiling, the video in this article will help you.

Surface preparation

It consists of three stages:

1. Cleaning of old coatings. A water-based emulsion in the general case can only be applied over the same paint, on the same binder. Acrylic paint will not adhere to nitro enamel or oil paint;

However: there are exceptions. For example, for rubber water-dispersion paint (on acrylic latex), application on alkyd enamel or glyptal primer.

1. Elimination of defects. Potholes and chips are puttied, protrusions are removed by grinding. After puttying, the wall is sanded and cleaned of dust (see);
2. Padding. Penetrating primer reduces paint consumption (primarily during the first coat) and makes the surface more durable. The primer must be of the same type as the paint (silicone, acrylic, silicate, etc.).

By the way: paint diluted with water can be used as a primer. This instruction will allow you not to puzzle over the problem of compatibility of primers and paints from different manufacturers.

Painting

What tools can be used for painting?

Quite standard: brushes, rollers and spray guns. The author uses a wide roller with a medium pile and a medium width brush to paint corners and other problem areas for the roller. A paint tray is useful for rolling out the roller, and masking tape is useful for protecting surfaces not intended for painting.

The building materials market is currently rich a wide range paints necessary for the implementation of repair work.

When choosing coloring products, you may encounter some difficulties caused by ignorance characteristic features, properties and differences different kind colors.

To decide which dye to prefer - water-dispersion or water-based, it is recommended to take into account the technical characteristics of each type and find differences.

Distinguishing properties

Before choosing a paint, there are a number of factors to consider:

• compound;
• specific gravity;
• spending specifics;
• coating service life.

Dispersion

The composition of such a coating includes aqueous dispersions, as well as binders made of acrylic, latex or polyvinyl acetate. The sphere of use, the strength of the dye and its resistance to moisture directly depend on these components.

Most affordable option is a water-dispersion paint based on polyvinyl acetate, used for painting various kinds ceilings. It cannot be used in the bathroom or in the kitchen, because this type of paint does not have high moisture-resistant properties. This coating has another significant drawback - the tendency to the rapid appearance of stains and dirt.

The coating, created with latex water-dispersion paint, is durable and resistant to the formation of contaminants.

With the most the best properties protection and impeccable resistance to atmospheric conditions that can cause negative effects, acrylic water-dispersion paint can be used for painting both interior and outer parts building.

It can be applied to walls and ceilings made of concrete and wood. Such a surface is not at all afraid of high humidity.

Roller application

Spray gun application

When using water-dispersion paints, it is necessary to take into account their unique properties, the main ones being:

• the air temperature during their use should be more than + 5 ° C;
• complete drying occurs after a couple of hours after coating;
• the ability to flawlessly fill small cracks and crevices with coloring matter;
• no need to prepare surfaces before using paint.

Water-dispersion coating has many advantages. We can highlight the most important of them:

• reliability and long service life;
• breathability;
• resistance to temperature extremes, moisture and other environmental influences;
• resistance to aggressive household chemicals - detergents and cleaners;
• the absence of harmful substances in the composition;
• the ability to combine with all types of surfaces (except for metal, since connection with it can lead to corrosion);
• no pungent odor;
• relatively fast drying of the surface - before applying a new layer after the previous one, it is enough to wait only one hour.

Emulsion

Water based paint has water composition with additional pigment and polymer particles present in it. In some cases mineral, acrylic or silicone resins may be present. Solvents added in different proportions can change the structure of such a coating.

The consumption of water-based dye is approximately 210 ml of substance per 1 sq. m of area to be painted. But this is a conditional value, since the indicator tends to change in accordance with the type of surface, breeding method and other circumstances. Specific gravity coverage involves no more than 1.5 kg.

Among the main advantages that water-based paint has are:

• no pungent odor;
• the dye has special properties allowing the coating to dry quickly after application;
• easy and simple coating method is provided due to the unique consistency;
• the ability to change color with the help of special pigments - colors;
• the ability to mask dark areas on the wall with a single pass with a roller or a single jet of an airbrush;
• walls that are coated with a water-based emulsion in any way are completely painted with the composition, without forming smudges or marks from brushes, rollers and other devices designed for this purpose;
• a large assortment of tools for painting surfaces with this type of paint;
• affordable price.

However, water-based paint has minor drawbacks, which are recommended to pay attention to when choosing it:

• The paint base contains a large number of water, so it is not recommended to paint metal or glossy surfaces with it.
• Unfortunately, there are many fakes, since the manufacture of water-based paint is not particularly difficult. Fake dye may smear after drying and form noticeable layers. Therefore, it is better to buy coloring products from trusted brands in specialized stores.

Mineral, acrylic, silicone and silicate water-based paints are known, differing from each other in the scope and unique composition.

The most affordable and low-cost type of paints are mineral water-based coatings, consisting of cement or slaked lime. They can be applied to different surfaces, but this species paints are not characterized by durability.

The most popular and versatile option in high demand is acrylic water-based paint, suitable for wood, plaster, brick and concrete surfaces, as well as metal and glass.