House construction is a responsible task that must be trusted to professionals. But it is useful for the future owner to know what the main stages of building a private house are and the sequence of actions. This is necessary for an adequate assessment of the final estimate and deadlines, and for monitoring the progress of work.

The construction stages are identical for houses made of rounded logs, profiled and laminated timber.

We propose to consider the stages of building a house from a log using the example of our house project and its implementation.

1. Design

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Despite the fact that today the design of wooden houses most often comes down to choosing a polished and balanced option from the contractor’s catalog, any project needs adaptation. It is necessary to decide on the layout and purpose of the premises and, if necessary, make changes to the floor plan.

An important stage of adaptation is the choice of foundation. In order to determine its type and make accurate calculations, it is advisable to conduct preliminary geodetic monitoring of the site, since some parameters of the foundation depend on the depth of groundwater, the type of soil, and the presence of quicksand.

In this example, the most suitable foundation, due to the large difference in the site, was chosen - a pile screw foundation. The length of the piles along the façade is more than 9 meters. Pile 133 mm, pile wall thickness 6 mm;

2. Preparing the site for development

After drawing up and approving the adapted project, a house kit is made from rounded logs. While it is being manufactured, the construction site needs to be prepared. Our specialists will carry out geodetic reference and marking of axes, and deliver the necessary materials, tools and equipment to the construction site.

If autonomous communications are planned at the site (well, septic tank, gas tank), we recommend planning them in advance or at least approving their location. Otherwise, situations cannot be excluded when the equipment is subsequently installed for technical reasons in a completely different place, and the inputs to the house have already been arranged in accordance with the original plans.

It is important to organize conditions for builders (houses, hygiene, food), take care of fire safety, and arrange a place for shipping materials and storing waste.

3. Foundation and communications lines

Installation of modern pile foundations occurs quickly, using special equipment. According to the technology, sand and concrete mixture is poured into the installed piles and the caps are welded. Next comes welding work. The top points of the pipes are leveled, additional stiffeners are welded to them, closed with plugs and cuts are made.

A 200x200 mm timber frame is installed on the finished metal frame along the top of the pile head, which is needed for uniform distribution of the load-bearing load and additional reliability of the geometry. At the end of the stage, communication pipes are laid in the places provided for by the project and brought to the level of the future floor of the first floor.

4. House kit

The finished factory kit is delivered to the construction site sequentially folded and numbered. According to the prefabricated drawings, checking the markings, a house kit made of rounded logs is mounted on the foundation. At the floor level of all floors and the attic, logs are laid - load-bearing horizontal support for the floors and roof.

5. Rafters and roofing

When the entire set of logs is installed, a roof frame is built along the upper logs - a rafter system made of 50x200 mm boards, on sliding supports with a pitch of 0.58 mm. and the possibility of insulation of 200 mm. Finishing roofing material is placed on the rafters. You can immediately install the finishing roof, as was done in our example.

6. Wood processing and shrinkage

An important stage in the construction of a country house is the shrinkage of the house kit. A rounded log shrinks 6-9% In order for this process to occur correctly and evenly, it is necessary to carry out simple, but very important measures to protect the wood and the ends of the assembled house.

In all openings (doors, windows, arches), leave one or two logs that have not been removed - a dressing. Vertical load-bearing supports are equipped with compensators - adjustable supports, usually metal. They are placed in the gaps in the upper, supporting part of the pillars.

Shrinkage is a long process. To prevent wood from darkening and becoming damp under natural climatic conditions, all logs and beams must be carefully processed.

All ends of the house must be covered with protective compounds against cracking and the outer walls of the house must be covered with antiseptic coatings. When you contact our company, we will recommend, explain and show how different protective compounds differ from each other and which ones should be used correctly.

As a rule, such treatment is combined with fire protection.

7. Closing the circuit

After completion of the main, most significant shrinkage, you can begin to close the outer contour. This stage of building a log house consists of the following substages:

• cladding and insulation of the foundation, installation of vents (ventilation holes) in it;
• arrangement and insulation of the blind area around the foundation;
• insulation of the log house (caulking, insulation of inter-crown spaces);
• arrangement of window and door openings, installation of windows and entrance doors;
• external roof lining, roof insulation, floor insulation, attic ventilation device, engineering wiring

8. Floor, ceiling and partitions after 6 months of shrinkage

In the closed circuit of the house, you can already begin lining the ceilings and laying the floor (at least the rough one). If the project provides for additional partitions, frames for them are usually erected directly on the subfloor.

When the internal volumes are obtained and all rooms are demarcated, the location and dimensions of interior and interfloor openings are specified. At the same time, ventilation shafts are erected, stoves and fireplaces, and chimneys are installed.

If the house was initially covered with a temporary roof for shrinkage, after this stage of construction of a private house, you can begin to finish the roof and equip the roof with snow retainers and a drainage system.

9. Communications layout

Before starting interior decoration, all the necessary communications are installed around the house: boiler rooms and boiler rooms are installed, electricity is drawn, heating, water supply, and sewerage are provided.

Only end-user equipment that can be damaged during repair work - lamps, switches, sockets, radiators - is left for the finishing stage.

10. Joinery and finishing

At the initial stage of finishing work, immediately after finishing the floors, doors, stairs, window sills and slopes are installed, and free doorways and arches are lined. If necessary for the project, the carpentry and log walls are tinted.

The same thing, if necessary, is done outside. Facade finishing (painting of logs, platbands, decorative elements, fencing of verandas and balconies) can be done in parallel with the interior, before or after it. Further finishing depends only on the budget, the imagination of the owners, and the availability of an interior design project.

A common practice at the finishing stage is to create small forms from scraps of logs (for example, from removed dressings) for the garden, veranda or even the interior.

The Ruklad company wishes all future homeowners a safe wait for this pleasant final stage of construction of a country house !

11. Video of the construction of the Flagman house

Nine stages of building a house made of wood

I propose to start by dividing everything that is connected with the process of building a house made of wood into separate components - the fact is that all construction processes can be divided into nine stages.

Further, in this section we will try to describe the important components and features of each stage, in our opinion, focusing the attention of the future homeowner on interesting nuances and, of course, we will give our recommendations.

Choosing a site for a house

I am sure that every future homeowner will have to choose a plot of land based on many criteria. These criteria can vary significantly, but let's try to systematize the most important ones. In addition to, of course, the perspective opening from the land plot, the slope, the absence of noise and silence, the presence of trees or shrubs - when choosing a site for construction, it is worth carefully studying the type of soil of the site and access roads. The road and storage space during construction will be a significant component in organizing the work. Good access roads will make it easier to transport and unload house kits and building materials. They will not spoil your mood during trips to the site in the rainy months. In addition, good roads will bring significant savings in time and budget during construction work.

The type of soil on the site can also significantly reduce your costs for the foundation and drainage from the house. Ideally, if the soil on the site is sandy, in this case you can use an inexpensive shallow shallow foundation. In other cases, the design needs to be selected. It will be necessary to take into account the characteristics of the soil and the groundwater level in the area. In addition, soil type and groundwater affect the plantings on the site. For example, if the groundwater is low, it will be easier to form a garden of fruit trees and stone fruits. Our recommendations are to locate the house in a higher part of the plot, and choose a plot that is not too low in relation to its neighbors.

Choosing a project for a future wooden house

With the huge variety of projects that are offered on sites today, it is important to understand - not all projects can be built. Our first recommendation is that if you have chosen a project, you should see this house as built. Having the opportunity to measure a project for yourself is quite important when determining a design solution for your home. But, of course, not all cottages can look as interesting as they looked on the website or on paper. Why is this so? Because many projects of wooden houses were developed in the 90s - in those days, the culture and technological solutions for building houses (larger than the well-known country house size of 6x6 meters) were formed. Not all projects were thought out from top to bottom. Many lacked the meaning of a planning solution and the components were not thought through. The connections between structures, such as the roof and floor beams, were not reliable enough, which created problems for future homeowners. Perhaps our opponent will say that anything can be built. Perhaps... but at what price? The cost of every ill-conceived decision when building a house, including one made of wood, is very high. Choose carefully. Take your time. You can always contact an independent specialist for the most objective assessment of the quality of each project. For our part, we offer you our planning solutions. You can evaluate each of them by visiting the built house. We hope that your choice of project will be the best decision for your family.

Construction of the foundation

Everyone knows the foundation is the foundation of any house. And you definitely need a good solid foundation. In practice, the reliability of the foundation directly depends on several components: Who does it? How does he do it? What materials does it use?

You and I live in Russia and of course we notice that even in Moscow, the roads and sidewalks are not ideal. The first question is - who are the contractors?

We recommend choosing a reliable and responsible contractor to install the foundation of your house, and not a group of migrant workers from the nearest construction market in the Moscow region. Engaging an experienced foreman in the work will give you confidence in the quality. Workers’ knowledge of technological processes when pouring a foundation will eliminate the need to correct errors that will inevitably arise when turning to the services of guest workers, who will tell you that “they can do everything.” All in all, this will save you both time and money. It will relieve you of unnecessary stress and tension on your nervous system.

When installing the foundation, emphasis must be placed on point 3 - “what it is made of.” The use of high-quality ready-mixed concrete of a high grade and a connected powerful reinforcement frame, strong, exactly in size mounted formwork are also necessary components of a reliable and strong foundation for your wooden house. We recommend using ready-mixed concrete of classes no lower than B-17.5. When building our houses, we use only B-22.5 concrete. According to the old Soviet classification system, it corresponds to the M-300 concrete grade. At the same time, installation of the lower crown of the house on such a reliable foundation can be done within 5-10 days after pouring concrete into the formwork.

Assembling the box at home

Let's imagine that the foundation of your house is already ready. After this and before installing the first crown, work must be done on laying waterproofing. A special insulating material - reinforced waterproofing - is laid on the surface of the foundation. This is a rolled material, which is based on frost-resistant bitumen mastic and is applied to a special reinforcing fabric. The material prevents moisture from penetrating into the lower crown.

Next, the installation of the house kit begins. It starts from the lower crown of the house. It, in turn, consists of a half-crown and a crown covering it. It is important to carefully check the axial dimensions of the house and the diagonals. The geometry of the lower crown must be impeccable as this is the basis of the geometry of the future house. Therefore, the dimensions are checked with special care. As in the proverb: Measure twice, cut once.

Many of you will be faced with a difficult choice - Which material is better to choose for the walls of a wooden house? What section of log or beam is best to use? Which inter-crown insulation is preferable to use when assembling a box at home? Some consider a sufficient and economically reasonable option to use a log diameter of 200 mm or 220 mm or a beam with a section of 145 mm or 160 mm. Other future homeowners believe that a wooden house built from natural logs of such diameters will not be warm enough and order larger material for the walls of the house - a log with a diameter of 280 mm or even 300 mm, or timber with a thickness of 240 mm or 280 mm. Which one is right?

Let's listen to the opinion on this issue from experts in wooden house construction and ask for recommendations from our engineers. Of course, both the size of the log diameter and the thickness of the laminated timber significantly affect the quality and comfort of a wooden house. This directly determines how energy efficient and warm your home will be. At the same time, we cannot discard cases when the crooked hands of covens or random builders made a house from a log with a cross-section of 260 mm cold. It’s more likely that a house built with a diameter of 200 mm turned out to be of higher quality and warmer.

According to experts, it is more important that when selecting raw materials for the manufacture of logs with a diameter of 280-300 mm, sawlogs of a larger cross-section are used. And for a diameter of 200-220 mm - on the contrary, younger wood. As a result, the sawlog is older and has a more stable, stable structure and, of course, a much thicker layer of dense wood. We get the desired effect - a large-diameter natural log has virtually no spatial deformations and cracks less. A thick log has a slight shrinkage. It will not require difficult adjustments during installation. This way you will ultimately get a different, higher build quality. The joints and joints will be tight even after the installation of the house kit and, after some time, after the assembled box has shrunk. The experts' conclusion is that a house made of large-diameter logs will not only be warmer, but also of better quality. It must be taken into account that the effect of increasing the thickness of the wall material will be greater when using northern forest and less significant when using forest from regions neighboring Moscow.

The economic component is, of course, not the last when making an important decision on the cross-section of wall material. But think a few times - in fact, the difference of 200-300 thousand rubles in the total construction budget is less than 5%. Taking into account the future costs of heating the house, this difference will return to your pocket, and the advantages of a large diameter will always be with you and - completely free of charge.

An important component during the installation of a house kit is the floor beams, floor beams and rafters. The cross-section of the building parts is also important here. We recommend using timber with a cross-section of at least 200 mm. It is better to use rafters with a cross-section of at least 200×50 mm. At our facilities, as an option, we offer Customers the installation of these elements from Siberian larch.

During installation, the spacing of rafters and beams should not be more than 60 cm. This distance between the load-bearing elements of the house's structures - beams and rafters - makes it possible to lay heat or sound insulation slabs efficiently and tightly.

When installing a house, you should look ahead and provide for the measures that you cannot do without to create a comfortable home. What do you mean? We mean acoustic comfort inside the house and another important point - the ventilation of the walls. Many, including builders of wooden houses, naively believe that the use of conventional inter-crown spacer materials will not create problems. They hope that they will “work”... In fact, what happens is the following - the details of the walls of a wooden house - be it a rounded log, laminated veneer lumber or a simple profiled beam - undergo deformation and change slightly in size. In this case, the following happens: 1. Gaps appear between the crowns, including in laminated veneer lumber. 2. Parts begin to breathe and creak.

There is no time for acoustic comfort here - any movement in one part of the house is transmitted to other rooms. This is especially true for interfloor ceilings and internal walls of the attic. How to protect yourself from this? Experts in wooden house construction recommend using only proven inter-crown insulation and sealants. Our company uses such material. It's called "Klimalan". The material is produced in Germany based on sheep wool, which has long been known as excellent thermal insulation and very effective sound insulation. Inter-crown insulation “Klimalan” the highest class for sound insulation and noise suppression is European Class A. Almost all of our customers chose this particular material for insulating the walls of their wooden houses.

Contour finish

The first stage of finishing a wooden house - what we call contour finishing - will begin with several types of preparatory work. This is, first of all, grinding the surfaces of the external walls of wood - without this, high-quality painting of the walls outside is impossible, then comes the creation of the ideal plane of the truss structure of the house and its preparation for the subsequent installation of insulation. Next comes the finishing of the cornices and overhangs of the protruding parts of the roof, then the installation of not the main floor, but the subfloor, with preliminary treatment of it with antiseptic compounds.

It is worth not losing sight of the high-quality insulation of the junction of the fronts and the rafter structure. The heat loss through the roof will depend on how well it is insulated.

After the preparatory activities are completed, important work begins, namely, insulation of the truss structure, or, in short, insulation of the roof. It is advisable to pay attention to the size of the eaves and roof overhangs. It must be more than 70 centimeters. We have gone even further in our projects. We offer a basic configuration in which the overhangs are already 900 mm from the wall axis, and as an option we offer roof extensions of 1,200 and 1,500 mm. This is already a real chalet. The building material we use to finish roof overhangs is thick dry finishing board. We do not recommend using any kind of plastic soffits. The fact is that a wooden house (including one made of laminated veneer lumber) will “breathe” and the plastic “lining” will quickly lose its shape. Keep in mind that the roofing material should be sufficient and not of thin section. This will protect the structure during minor deformations and drying out.

Our recommendation is to use slab insulation rather than roll insulation. Among them: Rockwool and Paroc. To install the top membrane film, it is better to use professional construction films. You can use Dörken or Tyvek AirGuard® films; Tyvek® Soft is also suitable. The use of Dörken foil films will help reduce heat loss through your roof. When the installation of insulation is completed, you can begin installing the roof and drainage system of a wooden house. In parallel with the installation of the roof, work can also be carried out to prepare for the installation of windows and external doors - installing fire monitors on door and window openings. The installation of internal frame partitions is also ongoing in parallel.

The final part of the work at the contour finishing stage is priming and painting the exterior walls of the house. Over the past 7 years, our company has been using materials for priming and painting houses produced by the German company Remmers. In accordance with design decisions and the greater attractiveness of the facades of a wooden house, the outer walls and finishing of the roof lining and cornices are painted in contrasting different colors. When the house is painted and the scaffolding is dismantled, the stage of exterior finishing of a wooden house is almost completed. All that remains for us is to install window blocks, entrance doors and mount decorative trim elements on them.

Internal communications

Immediately after completion of the contour finishing work, it becomes possible to install utility networks and communications inside the wooden house and connect them to external networks. We recommend that you make the necessary preparations for this stage in advance. At a minimum, make a sketch of the arrangement of furniture and plumbing fixtures; if you want to approach the issue of installing engineering with all seriousness and carefully think through what will be located where, a project will be needed. We work with each customer individually and try to adapt the engineering solution to the specifics of a specific project as much as possible. It all starts with the interior and arrangement of furniture, layout of bathrooms, kitchen and arrangement of plumbing fixtures. All details are important, including the location of the sink, dishwasher and washing machine. It is important to determine how and in what manner the water supply and sewage drainage will be carried out. What fuel the boiler will need to operate on. Do you need a boiler or is a flow-through heater sufficient? We will offer you the optimal engineering solution for heating and power supply of your home. Mutual understanding with the Customer and clarity on the goals and objectives for a particular house will help speed up the installation of utility networks.

Finishing - finishing of a wooden house

The installation of communications has been completed - you can now begin finishing work. Selected materials and a very skilled team of finishers are what is needed for the successful implementation of your interior finishing plans. We recommend that before starting this stage, you drive through and look at already built houses with completed finishing. This will give you a more complete idea of ​​the breadth of choice of building materials and allow you to determine your preferences. The choice of flooring material, decorative boards for ceilings is difficult to do from pictures in magazines and on the website - it requires a deep dive, and we provide this opportunity at our facilities. Another important component of this stage is the work itself. Installation and installation of various parts and finishing elements: window sills, stairs, decorative corners and strips - everything requires care and painstaking attitude. And one more important detail is to ensure the correct selection of material. The use of the right material and the skillful hands of builders and finishers are the basis for the quality and long service life of the home’s interior. During site visits, engineers and foremen of our company will advise you on the use of different materials for finishing work on your wooden house.

Come visit us, get acquainted with our work, visit our facilities, and we will build your home with skill and care!

: where to start, what you need to pay attention to first when building a log house, how construction ends.

Before starting construction, many developers experience anxiety, a premonition of fuss and problems. Don’t worry, anxiety happens to most people, because it’s not every year that you have to build your own house. Many are building for the first time, once and for all. Without experience, it is difficult to remain calm and unperturbed.

There are constant thoughts in my head: will they deceive me, will they follow the rules when building my house, will the house turn out to be solid and reliable, will there be enough money, etc.?

If you are building with a company "Chukhloma estate", then don’t worry and be sure that your log house will be built as it should, in accordance with the Contract. “Chukhloma Estate” has been on the construction market since 2001, during which time we have built so many wooden houses from logs and timber that we have lost count of them.

The main thing for us is to build a house with high quality, so that our customers are satisfied with our work and continue cooperation in the future, recommending our company to their relatives, friends and acquaintances. And this is only possible if our customers are satisfied with our houses and our carpenters.

So, where does the construction of any house begin? That's right, from the foundation...

1.Construction of a foundation for a house made of timber

Construction of the foundation is the first stage in the construction of a house made of timber.

The most common types of foundations that are erected for timber houses are (MZLF), pile-grillage And pile-screw foundation.

Of these three, the most in demand is pile-screw foundation. Due to three factors: price, production speed and the ability to install it at any time of the year.

The pile-screw foundation has the lowest manufacturing price compared to all others, this is the decisive factor in its choice among most developers. Moreover, there is no need to wait for some time until it is ready. As a rule, one day of light is enough to screw the piles into the ground. The next day you can begin installing the frame on it.

Since houses made of timber are built year-round, the construction of other types of foundations is problematic, especially MZLF, because concrete does not set well in the cold, and it is difficult to dig a trench for it in frozen soil.

Thus, if you want to build a house inexpensively, then pay attention to a pile-screw foundation. It has proven itself well at our customers' sites. Houses made of timber and even logs, built by our company “Chukhloma Estate” 10 or more years ago, stand firmly on a pile-screw foundation, without complaints from customers.

A foundation with a grillage is something between a pile-screw and a strip foundation in terms of price and manufacturing principle, so it is acceptable for those who are hesitant to make a choice in favor of the first and who have a fairly large house.

For those who decide to build thoroughly, to build a large house for several generations, it is worth choosing a shallow strip foundation. This is the most expensive type of foundation, but also the most reliable. There is no doubt that it will stand under the house for its entire service life. It is especially suitable for overall dimensions.

2. Types of timber, installation of a log house

After you have the foundation ready, a team of carpenters begins the second stage of construction - erecting a log house on it.

If the foundation is pile-screw, then before installing the house, a strapping row is installed on the pile-screw foundation, which will connect all the piles protruding from the ground.

The piping uses a regular beam with a cross-section of at least 100x150 mm: the larger the structure, the more rooms it has, the more complex the foundation and the more piles, the thicker the beam should be.

The strapping row must be processed, because the timber is in contact with the metal, and this is not the best environment for materials with opposite properties. Antiseptic treatment of the strapping row is mandatory!

In this article we will consider the construction of a log house only from, which is a building material made of natural wood, made mechanically without the use of chemicals: timber with natural moisture and chamber drying.

The first type of timber includes , and to the second dry profiled timber.

Regular timber differs from profiled timber in price - it is the cheapest and, therefore, affordable wooden building material due to the fact that it undergoes minimal processing.

During its manufacture, the wood layer is removed until a bar of the required cross-section is obtained. Therefore, it is slightly rough to the touch, as carpenters jokingly call it “shaggy timber”.

A log house made of simple timber requires either additional processing of the walls in the form of sharpening and polishing, or cladding with other wall material.

Not only houses are built from ordinary timber, but also other types of buildings: outbuildings, garages, sheds, gazebos; it is used to make lining rows and for beams in floors and ceilings.

It has tenons and grooves on both sides, with which it closes in the wall when assembling a log house from it.

Both simple and profiled “raw” timber have a humidity of 25-40%. The level of humidity depends on the period of manufacture and the environment, because wood is a hygroscopic material that has the ability to take and release moisture into the environment. The longer a timber with natural moisture is exposed to the open air, the drier it becomes.

Dry profiled timber- the most expensive type of wooden building material among all types of solid timber, since it undergoes additional drying in a heat chamber. Its humidity, according to GOST, should be 12-20%.

In appearance, it is no different from profiled timber with natural moisture: it has the same grooves on two sides, smooth surfaces on the other two sides. A log house assembled from profiled timber does not require additional treatment of the walls, because they are smooth, without roughness, and have a beautiful wood texture. To preserve the integrity of the log wood, the walls must be treated with an antiseptic and, if desired, given some shade.

A log house is being erected from timber. Both types of locking joints in corners retain heat well if they are made with high quality, because have a complex configuration that does not allow outside air to pass through.

A log house made of timber is built either on a shrinkage basis or on a turnkey basis.

3.Construction of a house from timber for shrinkage

The phased construction of a house from timber implies that the construction of a building for shrinkage or turnkey determines the further order of work.

The construction phase takes longer because the house is built from timber with natural moisture.

A house made of “raw” timber shrinks up to 10% in the first year of construction. This means that it will decrease in height, because... the timber in the rows will dry out and shrink. During this period, when wooden building materials will sag, windows and doors cannot be installed to avoid formation in the walls. Because window and door frames will prevent this, they will keep the upper rows from sagging while the lower ones will shrink freely.

Thus, the upper crowns, which will be held by windows and doors, will not be able to tightly close with the lower ones and gaps will form between them. That is why they build a house from lumber with natural moisture for shrinkage, so that the rows of the house during shrinkage can tightly close together and “grow” to each other.

To do this, after the construction of the log house, openings are made in those places where windows and doors will be installed so that there is ventilation inside the house.

The house must be covered with a roof to protect it from precipitation; you can immediately make a permanent roof, under the weight of which shrinkage will occur faster.

Shrinkage occurs for about six months, its most intense stage occurs in the first 3-4 months.

4.Construction of a turnkey timber house

A house is being built from kiln-drying timber, because... it gives less shrinkage, up to 3-5% in the first year of construction. With this construction option, windows and doors are installed immediately, but taking into account shrinkage, technological compensation gaps are made above them.

Expansion gap- this is the distance between the beam and the window or door frame, which gradually decreases during shrinkage. Insulation is placed into the void of the gap and covered with cash on top. Over time, the beam will lie on the box, tightly pressing the insulation with its weight, and the distance between the window and the beam will disappear.

5.Roof installation

In order for the roof to be reliable and not to be carried away even under the pressure of a strong hurricane, a number of technological conditions must be met during its construction.

First of all, you need to provide a strong frame-rafter system: rafters - edged board 50x150 mm and lathing - edged board 25x150 mm. The rafters are installed in increments of 0.6 m, the distance between the sheathing is 20-30 cm. These are the optimal technological standards when constructing the roof of a timber house. They are suitable for all types of roofs.

The main types of roofs are gable, broken line(attic) and hip.

The most difficult to manufacture, because The rafters on it are not solid, but with a break. Therefore, the construction of a sloping roof must be approached with special care so that it is sufficiently reliable. Only an experienced team of carpenters should be involved in its construction.

Good craftsmen with skills are also needed in the manufacture of other types of roofs, especially if a special roof window is being built.

6.Finishing a house made of timber after shrinkage

Finishing a house made of timber after shrinkage is the final stage in the construction of a house made of timber with natural moisture.

After six months, the main shrinkage of the timber frame has already occurred, so you can begin installing windows and doors, interior and exterior decoration: laying finished floors and ceilings, installing stairs, conducting electrical wiring, etc.

It must be borne in mind that imperceptible shrinkage will occur for up to a year, therefore, as in the case of building a turnkey house from timber, the necessary compensation gaps are made above the windows and doors.

So, now you know the stage-by-stage construction of a house made of timber, in what order it occurs. Of course, this description is given in general terms, because for each stage of construction you can write a whole instruction on several sheets, since they all have their own characteristics, each has its own nuances.

But you have already learned the most important things, what you need to pay attention to first.

The most important condition for building a high-quality wooden house is conscientious and skilled craftsmen. These are the people who work at the Chukhlomskaya Usadba company.

Examples of phased construction of a house made of timber for shrinkage with photos and videos:

Construction of a house from timber according to the design for shrinkage:

Construction of a house from 6x9 timber according to a shrinkage design:

Project of a house made of timber with a terrace

Start of construction of a house made of timber for shrinkage according to the "Committee" project

Let's look at the step-by-step process of building a wooden house

Construction of a country house or residential building, the process is quite complex and requires good skills and professionalism. Many people are scared off by this fact, and they put off their dream for later. To allay such fears a little, we will tell you about the main points of building your own home.

So, any construction begins with understanding what you want to get in the end. You need to visually imagine your future home and decide on the layout of the premises. You can of course go the other way. If it’s difficult to imagine what your home should look like, you can turn to experienced designers and architects. They will help you choose the best options in terms of layout, appearance and price. They'll just need to hear some basic background information from you. For example, by the number of rooms, bathrooms, kitchen, boiler room, etc. After some time, the customer is usually presented with several options, with the ability to select and make changes. The main thing that the project should contain is the location of your house on the site, relative to other buildings and roads, facades, layout of all floors.

If you have chosen a project you like and are sure that this is exactly what you would like to build, you can proceed to further actions. It is important to note here that if you have any doubts about the project, appearance, etc., it is better not to rush and not make imposed decisions. Take some time, be patient and work further in this direction until you have confidence - “Here! This is what I like. I want to live in this house!” Otherwise, the time for regret will come later. After all, a home is not a trinket that we can get rid of, a home is forever!

The next stage is preparing the site for construction. Based on the project, or one’s own preferences, if the design process in the architectural company was omitted, the building site is determined and marked. The preparation of the area begins by leveling it: mounds are removed, holes are filled, and if necessary, the soil is dried. When preparing the site, it is important to make a slope away from the house to drain melt and rainwater, in order to prevent their accumulation under the building. If this is not possible, then it is necessary to think through and prepare artificial water drainage - dig a small canal.

Then they begin earthworks for digging pits (trenches) for foundations, communications, etc. The depth of the trenches should be selected based on several factors: the type of soil, the depth of its freezing and the forces acting on the foundation.

Soils can be divided into several types: rocky, cartilaginous, sandy, loam and clayey soils.

• Rocky– very durable, not subject to deformation, do not wash out and do not freeze. On such soil, a surface foundation can be built, i.e. without deepening.
• Cartilaginous– less durable, mainly consisting of crushed stone and gravel. Also not subject to deformation. Here the foundation must be buried at least 500 mm from the surface, regardless of the depth of freezing.
• Sandy– they allow moisture to pass through very well, under the influence of loads they are significantly compacted, and are little susceptible to freezing. Laying depth – 400-700 mm.
• Loams– include sand and clay particles. Clay content is approximately 10-30%. The foundation must be kept below the calculated freezing depth.
• Clayey– have quite a lot of negative properties, they can erode, shrink, swell when freezing. Laying the foundation is also necessary below the freezing level.

It's important to know what it is swelling is the process of freezing moisture in the soil, which is characterized by soil expansion. Consequently, the foundation begins to be squeezed onto the surface. Since the soil is not evenly saturated with water, swelling does not occur evenly either. The loads on the foundation at different points differ from each other, resulting in cracking of concrete structures and sometimes destruction.

In order to accurately determine type of soil and depth of freezing, you must contact a specialized construction government agency (or, when contacting an architectural company, the project). Only then should you begin preparing the trenches. It all starts with marking future boundaries and installing cast-offs. Afterwards you can start digging pits.

A wooden house from logs can be built at any time of the year, but you need to remember that there are two main stages, between which there are from 6 months to a year. This period is necessary for complete shrinkage of the finished log house, after which all finishing work is carried out.

The first stage is “installation”

The sequence of its passage is as follows:

• Preparation of necessary documents.
• Search or create a project.
• Approval of the contractor and conclusion of an agreement with him to perform the work.

Laying the foundation. This is practically the only structure of a wooden house that has restrictions on the construction period: the foundation is laid in the warm season, most practically in the fall.

Along with the foundation installation work, pipes for water supply and sewerage are laid, drainage and waterproofing of the basement or plinth (if planned) is carried out. If you miss this moment, then you will have to break something in the new house and make additional investments of labor and finances.

For houses made of logs, a shallow-buried strip, pile-grillage (on bored piles) or slab (if soil indications) are installed. Installation, including hardening, takes about 4 weeks.

Installation of a log house.

While the foundation is being installed and hardened, a set of log frames is being manufactured at the factory. The size of the logs should correspond to the size of the house, although thick logs “behave” better in the wall.

The log is delivered to the construction site already marked, in accordance with the future architecture of the building. Assembly takes place according to technological maps of the walls in a detailed layout, without manual adjustment, which simplifies construction work and reduces its time. The first crown is laid on a special board attached to the foundation, and subsequent crowns are fastened together in a checkerboard pattern. The crowns of the log house are laid with natural materials for thermal insulation.

If an unprocessed log is used to build a log house, then it is first laid on the ground in order to try on, select and adjust the logs. After shrinkage, the log house is numbered, disassembled and moved to a permanent location.

Roof installation.

A correctly installed rafter system for a log house means savings during the construction and further operation of the house. For wooden buildings, rigid fastening of rafters, purlins and gables is not used, since shrinkage may cause the entire structure to rupture.

The most commonly used roofing materials for log houses are soft roofing, ondulin and metal tiles (some of its types). This is due to the variety of structures and colors that allow their selection in a wooden style. A more expensive material is natural tiles, which are more durable and natural.

At this point, the first stage of building the house ends and after a break for shrinkage it begins the second stage is “finishing”.

Insulation of foundation, roof, attic. Here they also check the shrinkage results and seal possible cracks. Wall logs can be sanded and coated with tinting compounds to change the appearance.

Installation of wooden doors and windows. There should be gaps with insulation between the block (door or window) and the wall. They will be covered with platbands, but will play their role in the process of seasonal movement of the house.

Engineering work. Electrical wiring, bathrooms, heating and ventilation systems, installation of stairs, antennas and video surveillance.

Installation of floors. It is best to have a wooden floor in a log house. Modern technologies make it possible to install a “warm floor” system, regardless of what the subfloor covering will be.

External and internal finishing.

External cladding or sanding is carried out in the warm season, and interior finishing is carried out at the same time or after heating is supplied to the house.